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Gloster Javelin Interceptor |
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DESCRIPTION:
The Gloster GA.5 project began in the late 1940s and was intended to incorporate recent advancements in radar, aerodynamics, and jet engines into a modern all-weather day-night interceptor. The design that ultimately emerged, known as the Javelin, featured a large-area delta wing with low wing-loading to provide good performance at high altitude. Unlike most other delta-winged aircraft of the period, the Javelin also incorporated a T-tail with conventional elevator control surfaces to reduce the high angle-of-attack such aircraft typically experience during landing. The cylindrical fuselage provided space for the two crew in a tandem seat cockpit, two turbojet engines, and a large interception radar in the nose. Following evaluation of seven prototypes, the Royal Air Force ordered the advanced new fighter into production as the Javelin F(AW).1. First entering service in 1956, the initial production model was soon followed by a number of modified and updated variants over the next few years. The Javelin F(AW).5 was the first model equipped to carry air-to-air missiles while the F(AW).6 and F(AW).7 introduced more powerful engines. Some 436 Javelin interceptors and trainers were eventually built before the aircraft was withdrawn from service in 1967.
Data below for Javelin F(AW).1 |
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| HISTORY: | |
| First Flight |
(Javelin F(AW).1) 26 November 1951 (Javelin F(AW).2) 25 April 1956 (Javelin T.3) 20 August 1956 (Javelin F(AW).4) 19 September 1955 (Javelin F(AW).5) 26 July 1956 (Javelin F(AW).6) 14 December 1956 (Javelin F(AW).7) 9 November 1956 (Javelin F(AW).6) 9 May 1958 |
| Service Entry | 29 February 1956 |
| Retirement |
1967
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| CREW: |
two: pilot, radar officer
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ESTIMATED COST:
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unknown
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| AIRFOIL SECTIONS: | |
| Wing Root | RAE 101 (10%) |
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Wing Tip
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RAE 101 (8.9%)
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| DIMENSIONS: | |
| Length |
(Javelin F(AW).1) 56.25 ft (17.15 m) (Javelin T.3) 59.92 ft (18.28 m) (Javelin F(AW).9) 56.75 ft (17.31 m) |
| Wingspan | 52.00 ft (15.85 m) |
| Height | 16.00 ft (4.88 m) |
| Wing Area | 927 ft² (86.12 m²) |
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Canard Area
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not applicable
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| WEIGHTS: | |
| Empty | unknown |
| Normal Takeoff | 31,580 lb (14,325 kg) |
| Max Takeoff |
(Javelin F(AW).1) 36,690 lb (16,640 kg) (Javelin F(AW).2) 37,200 lb (16,875 kg) (Javelin T.3) 42,000 lb (19,050 kg) (Javelin F(AW).4) 37,480 lb (17,000 kg) (Javelin F(AW).5) 39,370 lb (17,855 kg) (Javelin F(AW).6) 40,600 lb (18,415 kg) (Javelin F(AW).7) 40,270 lb (18,265 kg) (Javelin F(AW).8) 42,510 lb (19,280 kg) (Javelin F(AW).9) 43,165 lb (19,580 kg) |
| Fuel Capacity |
internal: unknown external: unknown |
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Max Payload
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unknown
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| PROPULSION: | |
| Powerplant |
(Javelin F(AW).1) two Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire ASSa.6 turbojets (Javelin F(AW).7) two Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire ASSa.7 turbojets (Javelin F(AW).8) two Armstrong Siddeley Sapphire ASSa.7R turbojets |
| Thrust |
(ASSa.6) 16,000 lb (71.17 kN) (ASSa.7) 22,000 lb (97.86 kN) (ASSa.7R) 24,600 lb (109.43 kN) above 20,000 ft (6,095 m) |
| PERFORMANCE: | |
| Max Level Speed |
at altitude: (Javelin F(AW).1) Mach 0.94 (Javelin F(AW).4) Mach 0.96 (Javelin F(AW).5) Mach 0.93 (Javelin F(AW).7) Mach 0.95 (Javelin F(AW).8) Mach 0.93 at sea level: 710 mph (1,140 km/h) |
| Initial Climb Rate | unknown |
| Service Ceiling |
(Javelin F(AW).1) 52,500 ft (16,015 m) (Javelin F(AW).4) 50,700 ft (15,470 m) (Javelin F(AW).5) 50,100 ft (15,285 m) (Javelin F(AW).7) 52,800 ft (16,110 m) (Javelin F(AW).8) 52,000 ft (15,865 m) |
| Range | unknown |
| g-Limits |
unknown
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| ARMAMENT: | |
| Gun | two 30-mm ADEN cannons |
| Stations | five external hardpoints |
| Air-to-Air Missile | up to four Firestreak |
| Air-to-Surface Missile | none |
| Bomb | none |
| Other |
none
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| KNOWN VARIANTS: | |
| Javelin F(AW).1 | First production model equipped with the British AI.17 radar; 47 built including 7 prototypes |
| Javelin F(AW).2 | Essentially identical to the F(AW).1 but equipped with the American APQ-43 radar; 30 built |
| Javelin T.3 | Trainer version with an insert in the forward fuselage to compensate for the weight loss caused by the removal of the radar; 23 built |
| Javelin F(AW).4 | New interceptor model incorporating a powered all-moving tailplane; 50 built |
| Javelin F(AW).5 | First model equipped to carry air-to-air missiles on pylons mounted beneath a modified wing with increased fuel capacity; 64 built |
| Javelin F(AW).6 | Similar to the F(AW).5 but equipped with the American APQ-43 radar; 33 built |
| Javelin F(AW).7 | Major production model fitted with a new fire-control system and more powerful engines; 142 built |
| Javelin F(AW).8 | Final production version equipped with more powerful engines with reheat for increased thrust at altitude, an autopilot, and the American APQ-43 radar; 47 built |
| Javelin F(AW).9 |
Former F(AW).7 airframes updated to the F(AW).8 standard, 22 also fitted with in-flight refueling gear;
116 converted
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KNOWN COMBAT RECORD:
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none
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KNOWN OPERATORS:
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United Kingdom (Royal Air Force)
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